The landmark ruling stops short of saying that women are entitled to be ordained as rabbis, but is a major step forward in the advancement of female Torah scholars in Israel.

By Etgar Lefkovits
July 17, 2025

(JNS) The Chief Rabbinate of Israel will be required to open its rabbinical tests to women, the High Court of Justice ruled on Monday.

The landmark ruling stops short of saying that women are entitled to be ordained as rabbis, though it is being seen as a major step forward in the advancement of the status of female Torah scholars in Israel.

“This is an enormous achievement for the State of Israel in that the court recognizes women Torah scholars and their achievements,” Rabbi Seth Farber, founder of ITIM, a nongovernmental, Jerusalem-based advocacy group for reforming Israel’s religious bureaucracy, told JNS on Tuesday.

The organization filed the petition seven years ago with six women, including Farber’s wife—Michelle Cohen Farber, a prominent Talmud scholar—in addition to the Rackman Center for the Advancement of Women’s Status and the Kolech Religious Women Forum.

He noted that the High Court case intentionally differentiated between the right to take the rabbinical exam, which measures efficiency in Jewish law or halachah and gives economic and social standing, and ordination of women, which is anathema in the eyes of the ultra-orthodox.

Still, the decision was expected to raise the ire of the Chief Rabbinate, with an expected showdown in three months when the next rabbinical tests are offered.

A spokesperson for the Chief Rabbinate said that the ruling was being studied.

Last year, an internal power struggle involving politics, nepotism and the role of women delayed the selection of Israel’s chief rabbis.